Nyob rau hauv txhua lub piston sab hauv combustion engine, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ib feem loj ntawm lub crank mechanism thiab lwm yam systems - lub flywheel.Nyeem tag nrho txog flywheels, lawv hom uas twb muaj lawm, tsim thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nrog rau kev xaiv, kho thiab hloov ntawm cov khoom hauv kab lus no.
Lub luag haujlwm thiab qhov chaw ntawm flywheel hauv lub cav
Flywheel (flywheel) - sib dhos ntawm lub crank mechanism (KShM), clutch thiab piston sab hauv combustion engine launch system;Nyob rau ntawm lub shank ntawm lub crankshaft yog ib tug hlau disc ntawm loj loj nrog ib lub nplhaib iav, uas ua kom lub zog ruaj khov ntawm lub cev muaj zog vim lub tsub zuj zuj thiab rov qab los ntawm kinetic zog.
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm piston sab hauv combustion engine yog tsis sib npaug - nyob rau hauv txhua tus ntawm nws lub tog raj kheej, plaub strokes yog ua nyob rau hauv ob revolutions ntawm lub ncej, thiab nyob rau hauv txhua txhua stroke ceev ntawm lub piston yog txawv.Txhawm rau tshem tawm qhov kev sib hloov tsis sib luag ntawm lub crankshaft, tib lub strokes nyob rau hauv cov thooj voos kheej kheej sib txawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, thiab ib tug ntxiv chav tsev yog nkag mus rau hauv lub KShM - ib tug flywheel ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug loj hlau log tsau nyob rau hauv lub rear ntawm lub crankshaft.
Lub flywheel daws tau ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb:
● Ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub crankshaft;
● Xyuas kom tshem tawm cov pistons ntawm cov ntsiab lus tuag;
● Kev xa tawm ntawm torque los ntawm lub crankshaft mus rau lub clutch mechanism thiab ces mus rau lub gearbox;
● Kev sib kis ntawm torque los ntawm lub oob khab pib mus rau lub crankshaft thaum pib lub hwj chim unit;
● Qee yam ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov damping ntawm torsional vibrations thiab vibrations, decoupling ntawm KShM thiab kis tau tus mob ntawm lub tsheb.
Qhov no, vim nws loj loj, accumulates lub kinetic zog uas tau txais thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm stroke thiab muab nws mus rau lub crankshaft nyob rau hauv lub seem peb strokes - qhov no xyuas kom meej ob qho tib si kev sib raug zoo thiab stability ntawm lub angular tshaj tawm ntawm lub crankshaft, thiab tshem tawm ntawm pistons. los ntawm TDC thiab TDC (vim lub zog inertial tshwm sim).Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog los ntawm flywheel uas lub cav sib txuas lus nrog kev sib kis ntawm lub tsheb thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub zog ntawm lub zog ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob mus rau lub crankshaft thaum lub cav pib.Lub flywheel yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm lub tsheb, yog li yog tias nws ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm kev kho lossis ua kom tiav kev hloov pauv sai li sai tau.Tab sis ua ntej pib kho kev ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum nkag siab txog hom uas twb muaj lawm, tsim qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov flywheels ntawm niaj hnub sab hauv combustion xyaw.
Flywheel sib dhos nrog lub cav crankshaft
Hom thiab qauv ntawm flywheels
Nyob rau niaj hnub motors, flywheels ntawm ntau yam designs yog siv, tab sis peb hom ntawm cov no feem ntau dav:
● Khoom;
● Lub teeb yuag;
● Damper (los yog dual-mas).
Cov cuab yeej yooj yim tshaj plaws muaj cov khoom flywheels, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau piston sab hauv combustion engines - los ntawm cov tsheb me mus rau lub zog tshaj industrial, diesel thiab marine xyaw.Lub hauv paus ntawm tus tsim yog ib tug cam khwb cia hlau los yog steel disc nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 30-40 cm los yog ntau tshaj, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm uas muaj ib lub rooj rau installation ntawm lub crankshaft shank, thiab ib tug crown yog nias rau ntawm lub periphery.Lub rooj zaum rau lub crankshaft feem ntau yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug extension (hub), nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm uas muaj ib tug loj txoj kab uas hla, thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub circumference muaj 4-12 los yog ntau tshaj qhov rau bolts, los ntawm lub flywheel. yog tsau rau ntawm flange ntawm tus ncej shank.Nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm lub flywheel, muaj ib qho chaw rau kev txhim kho lub clutch thiab ib tug annular contact ncoo rau lub clutch tsav disc yog tsim.Nyob rau hauv lub periphery ntawm lub flywheel, ib tug hlau nplhaib iav yog nias nyob rau hauv, los ntawm uas, thaum lub sij hawm pib, torque yog kis los ntawm lub starter iav mus rau lub crankshaft.
Feem ntau, hauv kev tsim khoom, lub flywheel yog sib npaug los tiv thaiv kev khiav tawm thaum lub tshuab ua haujlwm.Thaum ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm lub flywheel, cov hlau ntau dhau raug tshem tawm (drilling), thiab rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm ib qho chaw, lub clutch thiab lwm qhov chaw (yog tias muab) raug teeb tsa.Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, kev taw qhia ntawm flywheel thiab clutch yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov, txwv tsis pub yuav muaj ib qho kev tsis txaus siab uas txaus ntshai rau lub crankshaft thiab tag nrho lub cav.
Lub teeb yuag flywheels muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws, tab sis cov qhov rais ntawm ntau cov duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog tsim rau hauv lawv kom txo qhov hnyav.Sampling cov hlau ntawm flywheel thiaj li yuav txo tau nws qhov hnyav yog feem ntau ua rau lub hom phiaj ntawm tuning thiab boosting lub cav.Lub installation ntawm xws li ib tug flywheel me ntsis txo cov stability ntawm lub hwj chim unit nyob rau hauv ib tug transient hom, tab sis muab ib tug ceev ceev ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws speeds thiab, feem ntau, muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau lub hwj chim yam ntxwv.Txawm li cas los xij, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub teeb yuag flywheel tsuas yog tuaj yeem ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lwm yam haujlwm ntawm kev sib tw / txhawb nqa lub cav.
Dual-mass flywheels muaj ntau txoj kev tsim - lawv suav nrog torsional vibration dampers thiab dampers uas txawv hauv kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm.Hauv qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, chav tsev no muaj ob lub disks (tus qhev thiab tus tswv), ntawm qhov uas muaj qhov torsional vibration damper - ib lossis ntau lub arc (dov rau hauv lub nplhaib lossis nkhaus los ntawm arc) twisted springs.Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev tsim, muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm lub zog ntawm lub discs, uas ua raws li ib tug planetary kis tau tus mob, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm springs yuav ncav cuag ib tug kaum os los yog ntau tshaj.Lub dual-mass flywheel, zoo li cov pa ib, yog mounted ntawm lub crankshaft shank thiab tuav lub clutch.
Lub teeb flywheelft
Dual-mass flywheel tsim
Lub damper flywheel ua haujlwm yooj yim heev.Lub disc tsav yog txuas ncaj qha mus rau lub crankshaft flange, tau txais torque los ntawm nws, nrog rau tag nrho cov kev vibrations, vibrations thiab shocks uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam kev mob.Lub torque los ntawm tus tsav disc mus rau tus qhev yog kis los ntawm cov springs, tab sis vim lawv elasticity, lawv nqus ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev vibrations, shocks thiab vibrations, uas yog, lawv ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug damper.Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm no decoupling, lub disc tsav, nrog rau cov clutch thiab kis tau tus mob txuas nrog nws, tig ntau tus sib npaug, tsis muaj kev vibrations thiab vibrations.
Tam sim no, dual-mass flywheels, txawm tias lawv txoj kev tsim thiab tus nqi siab, tau nce ntxiv rau ntawm lub cav ntawm cov tsheb thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom.Qhov nrov nrov ntawm cov khoom no yog vim lawv cov kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub thiab kev tiv thaiv kev sib kis los ntawm kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob.Txawm li cas los xij, flywheels ntawm kev tsim kho, vim lawv cov nqi, kev ntseeg tau thiab kev yooj yim, yog siv dav hauv cov tsheb siv nyiaj, tsheb laij teb, tsheb thauj khoom thiab lwm yam khoom siv.
Flywheel xaiv, hloov thiab tu cov teeb meem
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav, lub flywheel raug rau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, yog li dhau sijhawm, txhua yam kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo tshwm sim hauv nws - tawg, hnav ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag nrog lub clutch tsav disc, hnav thiab tawg ntawm cov hniav, deformations. thiab txawm tias ua tiav kev puas tsuaj (cov hlau cam khwb cia yog raug rau qhov no).Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub flywheel yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm kev vibrations thiab suab nrov thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cav, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub clutch, kev tsis zoo lossis tsis muaj peev xwm pib lub cav nrog lub oob khab (vim hnav lub nplhaib iav), thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau feem ntau nyob rau hauv flywheels ntawm cov qauv khoom, qhov ua rau ntawm qhov teeb meem yog lub nplhaib iav, nrog rau cov kab nrib pleb thiab tawg ntawm cov disc nws tus kheej.Nyob rau hauv ib txwm lub xeev ntawm flywheel, lub crown tuaj yeem hloov tau, ib feem ntawm tib hom thiab cov qauv uas sawv ntxov yuav tsum tau muab coj los hloov.Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv lub kaus mom nrog ntau tus hniav sib txawv, tab sis qhov kev hloov no tsis yog ib txwm ua tau.Dismantling nruj me ntsis rau lub crown yog feem ntau ua mechanically - los ntawm rauj tshuab los ntawm ib tug chisel los yog lwm yam cuab yeej.Lub installation ntawm lub yas tshiab yog nqa tawm nrog nws cov cua sov - vim thermal expansion, ib feem yuav yooj yim poob rau hauv qhov chaw, thiab tom qab txias nws yuav ruaj ntseg ruaj ntawm flywheel.
Nyob rau hauv damper flywheels, ntau txoj malfunctions feem ntau tshwm sim - breakage los yog ua tiav kev puas tsuaj ntawm arc springs, hnav bearings, hnav ntawm rubbing qhov chaw ntawm discs, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, lub dual-mass flywheel yuav tsis kho, tab sis yog hloov nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib txoos. .Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, nws muaj peev xwm hloov cov yas thiab cov kabmob, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los muab cov haujlwm no rau cov kws tshaj lij.Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub damper flywheel yog nqa tawm ob qho tib si ntawm lub cav thiab ntawm qhov tshem tawm.Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lub kaum sab xis ntawm deflection ntawm tsav flywheel thiab backlash yog xyuas, yog hais tias lub kaum sab xis loj heev los yog, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, lub flywheel yog jammed, ces qhov yuav tsum tau hloov.
Txhua txoj haujlwm kuaj mob thiab hloov lub flywheel yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov lus qhia rau kev kho thiab tu lub tsheb.Txhawm rau nkag mus rau ib feem, feem ntau, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau rhuav tshem lub gearbox thiab clutch, uas cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm thiab kev siv zog ntxiv.Thaum txhim kho lub flywheel tshiab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub clutch, nrog rau siv qee hom fasteners thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, hom lubricants.Yog tias lub flywheel raug xaiv thiab hloov kom raug, lub cav thiab kev sib kis yuav ua haujlwm tau zoo, ntseeg siab ua lawv txoj haujlwm.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-13-2023